Difference between revisions of "Fine particles"
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[[Category:Classical air pollutants]] | [[Category:Classical air pollutants]] | ||
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'''Fine particles (PM<sub>2.5</sub>)''' are air aerosols smaller than 2.5 µm. | '''Fine particles (PM<sub>2.5</sub>)''' are air aerosols smaller than 2.5 µm. | ||
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NATIONAL EXPOSURE REDUCTION TARGET, | NATIONAL EXPOSURE REDUCTION TARGET, | ||
TARGET VALUE AND LIMIT VALUE FOR PM2,5 | TARGET VALUE AND LIMIT VALUE FOR PM2,5 | ||
| + | |||
A. AVERAGE EXPOSURE INDICATOR | A. AVERAGE EXPOSURE INDICATOR | ||
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The Average Exposure Indicator expressed in Gg/m3 (AEI) shall be based upon | The Average Exposure Indicator expressed in Gg/m3 (AEI) shall be based upon | ||
measurements in urban background locations in zones and agglomerations throughout the | measurements in urban background locations in zones and agglomerations throughout the | ||
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Annex V. The AEI for the reference year 2010 shall be the mean concentration of the | Annex V. The AEI for the reference year 2010 shall be the mean concentration of the | ||
years 2008, 2009 and 2010. | years 2008, 2009 and 2010. | ||
| + | |||
However, where data are not available for 2008, Member States may use the mean | However, where data are not available for 2008, Member States may use the mean | ||
concentration of the years 2009 and 2010 or the mean concentration of the years 2009, | concentration of the years 2009 and 2010 or the mean concentration of the years 2009, | ||
2010 and 2011. Member States making use of these possibilities shall communicate their | 2010 and 2011. Member States making use of these possibilities shall communicate their | ||
decisions to the Commission by ...∗. | decisions to the Commission by ...∗. | ||
| + | |||
The AEI for the year 2020 shall be the 3-year running mean concentration averaged over | The AEI for the year 2020 shall be the 3-year running mean concentration averaged over | ||
all those sampling points for the years 2018, 2019 and 2020. The AEI is used for the | all those sampling points for the years 2018, 2019 and 2020. The AEI is used for the | ||
examination whether the national exposure reduction target is met. | examination whether the national exposure reduction target is met. | ||
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The AEI for the year 2015 shall be the 3-year running mean concentration averaged over | The AEI for the year 2015 shall be the 3-year running mean concentration averaged over | ||
all those sampling points for the years 2013, 2014 and 2015. The AEI is used for the | all those sampling points for the years 2013, 2014 and 2015. The AEI is used for the | ||
examination whether the exposure concentration obligation is met. | examination whether the exposure concentration obligation is met. | ||
| − | ∗ OJ: Three months after the date of entry into force of this Directive. | + | |
| + | <nowiki>∗</nowiki> OJ: Three months after the date of entry into force of this Directive. | ||
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PE-CONS 3696/07 NS/lv 2 | PE-CONS 3696/07 NS/lv 2 | ||
ANNEX XIV DG I EN | ANNEX XIV DG I EN | ||
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B. NATIONAL EXPOSURE REDUCTION TARGET | B. NATIONAL EXPOSURE REDUCTION TARGET | ||
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Exposure Reduction Target relative to the AEI in 2010 Year by | Exposure Reduction Target relative to the AEI in 2010 Year by | ||
which the | which the | ||
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target should | target should | ||
be met | be met | ||
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Initial concentration in Gg/m3 Reduction target in percent | Initial concentration in Gg/m3 Reduction target in percent | ||
< 8,5=8,5 0 % | < 8,5=8,5 0 % | ||
| Line 44: | Line 55: | ||
achieve 18 μg/m3 | achieve 18 μg/m3 | ||
2020 | 2020 | ||
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Where the AEI in the reference year is 8,5 Gg/m3 or less the exposure reduction target shall | Where the AEI in the reference year is 8,5 Gg/m3 or less the exposure reduction target shall | ||
be zero. The reduction target shall be zero also in cases where the AEI reaches the level of | be zero. The reduction target shall be zero also in cases where the AEI reaches the level of | ||
8,5 Gg/m3 at any point of time during the period from 2010 to 2020 and is maintained at or | 8,5 Gg/m3 at any point of time during the period from 2010 to 2020 and is maintained at or | ||
below that level. | below that level. | ||
| + | |||
C. EXPOSURE CONCENTRATION OBLIGATION | C. EXPOSURE CONCENTRATION OBLIGATION | ||
| + | |||
Exposure concentration | Exposure concentration | ||
obligation | obligation | ||
Year by which the obligation value is to be met | Year by which the obligation value is to be met | ||
| + | |||
20 Gg/m3 2015 | 20 Gg/m3 2015 | ||
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PE-CONS 3696/07 NS/lv 3 | PE-CONS 3696/07 NS/lv 3 | ||
ANNEX XIV DG I EN | ANNEX XIV DG I EN | ||
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D. TARGET VALUE | D. TARGET VALUE | ||
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Averaging Period Target value Date by which target value should be met | Averaging Period Target value Date by which target value should be met | ||
Calendar year 25 Gg/m3 1 January 2010 | Calendar year 25 Gg/m3 1 January 2010 | ||
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E. LIMIT VALUE | E. LIMIT VALUE | ||
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Averaging | Averaging | ||
period | period | ||
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Limit Value Margin of tolerance Date by which limit | Limit Value Margin of tolerance Date by which limit | ||
value is to be met | value is to be met | ||
| + | |||
STAGE 1 | STAGE 1 | ||
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Calendar year 25 Gg/m3 20 % on …*, decreasing on | Calendar year 25 Gg/m3 20 % on …*, decreasing on | ||
the next 1 January and | the next 1 January and | ||
| Line 70: | Line 93: | ||
to reach 0 % by | to reach 0 % by | ||
1 January 2015 | 1 January 2015 | ||
| − | + | ||
STAGE 2 (1) | STAGE 2 (1) | ||
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Calendar year 20 Gg/m3 1 January 2020 | Calendar year 20 Gg/m3 1 January 2020 | ||
| + | |||
(1) Stage 2 - indicative limit value to be reviewed by the Commission in 2013 in the light | (1) Stage 2 - indicative limit value to be reviewed by the Commission in 2013 in the light | ||
of further information on health and environmental effects, technical feasibility and | of further information on health and environmental effects, technical feasibility and | ||
experience of the target value in Member States. | experience of the target value in Member States. | ||
| − | * OJ: Date of entry into force of this Directive. | + | <nowiki>*</nowiki> OJ: Date of entry into force of this Directive. |
| + | |||
| + | ==See also== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [[:en:Fine particles|Fine particles in Wikipedia]] | ||
| + | * [http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/edborden/air-quality-egg?ref=category Kickstarter Air Quality Egg] | ||
Latest revision as of 07:40, 11 April 2012
Fine particles (PM2.5) are air aerosols smaller than 2.5 µm.
Legislation
In the European Union there is a new directive on air pollution: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/pdf/en/07/st03/st03696.en07.pdf
ANNEX XIV NATIONAL EXPOSURE REDUCTION TARGET, TARGET VALUE AND LIMIT VALUE FOR PM2,5
A. AVERAGE EXPOSURE INDICATOR
The Average Exposure Indicator expressed in Gg/m3 (AEI) shall be based upon measurements in urban background locations in zones and agglomerations throughout the territory of a Member State. It should be assessed as a 3-calendar year running annual mean concentration averaged over all sampling points established pursuant to Section B of Annex V. The AEI for the reference year 2010 shall be the mean concentration of the years 2008, 2009 and 2010.
However, where data are not available for 2008, Member States may use the mean concentration of the years 2009 and 2010 or the mean concentration of the years 2009, 2010 and 2011. Member States making use of these possibilities shall communicate their decisions to the Commission by ...∗.
The AEI for the year 2020 shall be the 3-year running mean concentration averaged over all those sampling points for the years 2018, 2019 and 2020. The AEI is used for the examination whether the national exposure reduction target is met.
The AEI for the year 2015 shall be the 3-year running mean concentration averaged over all those sampling points for the years 2013, 2014 and 2015. The AEI is used for the examination whether the exposure concentration obligation is met.
∗ OJ: Three months after the date of entry into force of this Directive.
PE-CONS 3696/07 NS/lv 2 ANNEX XIV DG I EN
B. NATIONAL EXPOSURE REDUCTION TARGET
Exposure Reduction Target relative to the AEI in 2010 Year by which the exposure reduction target should be met
Initial concentration in Gg/m3 Reduction target in percent < 8,5=8,5 0 % > 8,5 – < 13 10 % = 13 – < 18 15 % = 18 – < 22 20 % ≥ 22 All appropriate measures to achieve 18 μg/m3 2020
Where the AEI in the reference year is 8,5 Gg/m3 or less the exposure reduction target shall be zero. The reduction target shall be zero also in cases where the AEI reaches the level of 8,5 Gg/m3 at any point of time during the period from 2010 to 2020 and is maintained at or below that level.
C. EXPOSURE CONCENTRATION OBLIGATION
Exposure concentration obligation Year by which the obligation value is to be met
20 Gg/m3 2015
PE-CONS 3696/07 NS/lv 3 ANNEX XIV DG I EN
D. TARGET VALUE
Averaging Period Target value Date by which target value should be met Calendar year 25 Gg/m3 1 January 2010
E. LIMIT VALUE
Averaging period
Limit Value Margin of tolerance Date by which limit value is to be met
STAGE 1
Calendar year 25 Gg/m3 20 % on …*, decreasing on the next 1 January and every 12 months thereafter by equal annual percentages to reach 0 % by 1 January 2015
STAGE 2 (1)
Calendar year 20 Gg/m3 1 January 2020
(1) Stage 2 - indicative limit value to be reviewed by the Commission in 2013 in the light of further information on health and environmental effects, technical feasibility and experience of the target value in Member States. * OJ: Date of entry into force of this Directive.
