Energy transformations

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Question

What are the typical energy processes in different Urgenche cities? Processes are events where energy if converted from one form to another or one use to another.

Answer

This code gets the ovariable of this page and calculates some basic results.

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Rationale

Data

Energy transformations(-)
ObsFlowActivityUseFuelUnitResultDescription
1Traffic biofuel productionPetroleum refineriesInputRenewables and wasteMWh1
2Traffic biofuel productionPetroleum refineriesOutputPetrochemical productsMWh1
3Traffic fuel productionPetroleum refineriesInputCrude oilMWh1
4Traffic fuel productionPetroleum refineriesOutputPetrochemical productsMWh1
5CHP in large plant, peatCHP plantsInputCrude oilton0.18Peat contains 18 % of crude oil because peat does not burn well alone.
6CHP in large plant, peatCHP plantsInputCoal and peatton0.82Peat
7CHP in large plant, peatCHP plantsOutputHeatMWh2.88Outputs divide into heat and power, and the ratio depends on local situations
8CHP in large plant, peatCHP plantsOutputElectricityMWh1.84
9CHP in large plant, peatCHP plantsOutputPM2.5g300
10CHP in large plant, peatCHP plantsOutputCO2eton1.87
11CHP in large plant, peatCHP plantsOutputAshton0.05
12CHP in large plant, woodCHP plantsInputRenewables and wasteton1
13CHP in large plant, woodCHP plantsOutputHeatMWh2.88Outputs divide into heat and power, and the ratio depends on local situations. Output 0.61*17 kJ/g*1Mg/ton/3.6 ks = 2.88 MWh
14CHP in large plant, woodCHP plantsOutputElectricityMWh1.84 Output 0.39*17 kJ/g*1Mg/ton/3.6 ks = 1.84 MWh
15CHP in large plant, woodCHP plantsOutputPM2.5g30
16CHP in large plant, woodCHP plantsOutputCO2eton0
17CHP in large plant, woodCHP plantsOutputCO2aton2.33
18CHP in large plant, woodCHP plantsOutputAshton0.05
19Oil refineryPetroleum refineriesInputCrude oilMWh1
20Oil refineryPetroleum refineriesOutputPetrochemical productsMWh1
21Energy use of petrochemical productsFinal energy useOutputPetrochemical productsMWh1
22Energy use of petrochemical productsFinal energy useOutputCO2eton0.323.13 ton CO2e/toe / (35 MJ/kgoe * 1000 kgoe/toe * (1 Wh /3600 J)) = 0.32 ton CO2/MWh gasoline
23Small-scale wood burningHeatingOutputRenewables and wasteMWh1
24Small-scale wood burningHeatingOutputPM2.5g300
25Savon SelluOther energy consumptionOutputRenewables and wasteMWh1
26Savon SelluOther energy consumptionOutputCardboard productston0.05
27Savon SelluOther energy consumptionOutputPM2.5g30
  • CHP = Combined heat and power
  • CO2e = CO2 equivalents. This is the official number which assumes that bioenergy CO2 is absorbed and the net emission is thus 0.
  • CO2a = CO2 additional emission. This does not assume absorption but estimates the direct CO2 emission, additional to CO2e.


Energy transformations describe energy flows between cells in an energy balance sheet. For example, see op_fi:Energiatase/Kuopio.

Numbers are just rough placeholders at the moment.

Mid Value of wood heater PM2.5 Emission factor:


Source Wood heater EMF (mg/MJ)
Manual with Accumulator 87.28
Manual Without Accumulator 763
Auto feed wood cheep boiler 54.59
auto feed pollet boiler 32.19
Irone Stove 763
Masonry heater 90
Open Fireplace 872.8


Domestic heat production PM2.5 EMF


Source Amount (mg/MJ)
Oil 2
Pellet 32.19
Wood Boiler 266.8
Local district, oil 0
Local district, wood 0
Electricity 0
Geothermal 0
Current district 0
Secondary wood 90
Air heat pump 0


Mid value of PM2.5 emission (mg/a)


Time Line 50 MW 20-50 MW Less than 20 Domestic
2010 0 0 0 37.39G
2015 0 0 0 37.18G
2020 0 0 0 36.97G
2025 0 0 0 36.76
2030 0 0 0 36.56
2035 0 0 0 36.35
Totals 0 0 0 221.2G


CO2 Emission factor:


Mid value of Fuel CO2 EMF (g/kWh)


Source g/kWh
Oil 279
Natural gas 202
Peat 382
Coal 341
Wood 0
Bio 0
Other 301


Mid Value of Heat production CO2 EMF (CO2-ekv g/kWh)


Source 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035
Oil 279 279 279 279 279 279
Pellet 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wood boiler 0 0 0 0 0 0
Local district, oil 279 279 279 279 279 279
Local district, wood 0 0 0 0 0 0
Electricity 160.4 155.3 150.2 147.1 144.1 144.1
Geothermal 160.4 155.3 150.2 147.1 144.1 144.1
Current district 271.3 269.5 267.7 256.8 246 246
Secondary wood 0 0 0 0 0 0
Air heat pump 160.4 155.3 150.2 147.1 144.1 144.1
Totals 1310 1293 1276 1256 1236 1236

Calculations

This code defines and stores the ovariable of this page (energytransformations).

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See also

Urgenche research project 2011 - 2014: city-level climate change mitigation
Urgenche pages

Urgenche main page · Category:Urgenche · Urgenche project page (password-protected)

Relevant data
Building stock data in Urgenche‎ · Building regulations in Finland · Concentration-response to PM2.5 · Emission factors for burning processes · ERF of indoor dampness on respiratory health effects · ERF of several environmental pollutions · General criteria for land use · Indoor environment quality (IEQ) factors · Intake fractions of PM · Land use in Urgenche · Land use and boundary in Urgenche · Energy use of buildings

Relevant methods
Building model · Energy balance · Health impact assessment · Opasnet map · Help:Drawing graphs · OpasnetUtils‎ · Recommended R functions‎ · Using summary tables‎

City Kuopio
Climate change policies and health in Kuopio (assessment) · Climate change policies in Kuopio (plausible city-level climate policies) · Health impacts of energy consumption in Kuopio · Building stock in Kuopio · Cost curves for energy (prioritization of options) · Energy balance in Kuopio (energy data) · Energy consumption and GHG emissions in Kuopio by sector · Energy consumption classes (categorisation) · Energy consumption of heating of buildings in Kuopio · Energy transformations (energy production and use processes) · Fuels used by Haapaniemi energy plant · Greenhouse gas emissions in Kuopio · Haapaniemi energy plant in Kuopio · Land use in Kuopio · Building data availability in Kuopio · Password-protected pages: File:Heat use in Kuopio.csv · Kuopio housing

City Basel
Buildings in Basel (password-protected)

Energy balances
Energy balance in Basel · Energy balance in Kuopio · Energy balance in Stuttgart · Energy balance in Suzhou


Keywords

References


Related files

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