Lung cancer

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Scope

What is the incidence of lung cancer in the general population?

Definition

Rate (age, sex ratio)	Context (population size studied, location, date data taken, end-point measured)	Definition of end-point	Reference
375,000 cases (estimate) 303,000 in men 72,000 in women Estimated number of resulting deaths = 347,000 (280,000 in men and 67,000 in women). Estimates of lung-cancer incidence in Europe, 2000 Men Women Country Crude rate ASR Cumulative risk* No of cases Crude rate ASR Cumulative risk* No of cases Eastern Europe 87.2 69•7 4•4 126 653 79•2 63•1 3•8 115 091 Northern Europe 73.5 44•3 1•9 33 976 75•7 45•1 1•8 35 007 Southern Europe 95.9 58•8 3•2 67 518 84•4 50•4 2•5 59 426 Western Europe 83.9 53•2 2•9 75 350 79•1 48•9 2•3 71 024 *Cumulative risks are for ages 0–64 years. ASR, age-standardised rate.	Europe, 2000		J.Tyczynski, F.Bray, D.Maxwell Parkin. Lung cancer in Europe in 2000: epidemiology, prevention, and early detection. The Lancet Oncology, Volume 4, Issue 1, Pages 45-55.
Relative risk of lung cancer in European men and women Men Women Squamous-cell and small-cell carcinoma Adenocarcinoma Squamous-cell and small-cell carcinoma Adenocarcinoma Non-smoker 1•0 1•0 1•0 1•0 Ex-smoker 16•2* 3•5* 3•8* 1•1 Current smoker 57•9* 8•0* 18•2* 4•1* * p<0•05 Table 2. Effects of smoking cessation on lung-cancer risk Relative risk Time since stopping Men Women Current smokers 1•00 1•00 2–9 years 0•66* 0•41* 10–19 years 0•27* 0•19* 20–29 years 0•17* 0•08* >30 years 0•08* 0•13* Non-smokers 0•04* 0•11* * p<0•05	n=7,609 with 10,431 controls, 10 case-control studies of lung cancer in 6 countries from 1988 to 1994: Sweden, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Spain, Italy. Lung cancer		Simonato L, Agudo A, Ahrens W, et al. Lung cancer and cigarette smoking in Europe: an update of risk estimates and an assessment of inter-country heterogeneity. Int J Cancer 2001; 91: 876–87.
Number of new cases and rates of lung cancer, UK, 2006 England Wales Scotland N.Ireland UK Cases Males 18,026 1,299 2,509 547 22,381 Females 13,141 984 2,177 344 16,646 Persons 31,167 2,283 4,686 891 39,027 Crude rate per 100,000 population Males 72.3 89.9 101.6 64.1 75.4 Females 50.9 64.7 82.2 38.7 53.9 Persons 61.4 77.0 91.6 51.2 64.4 Age-standardised rate (European) per 100,000 population Males 58.3 65.8 81.7 60.8 60.8 95% CI 57.5 59.2 62.2 69.4 78.5 84.9 55.7 65.9 60.0 61.5 Females 35.0 40.9 55.1 31.5 37.1 95% CI 34.4 35.6 38.3 43.4 52.8 57.4 28.2 34.9 36.5 37.6 Persons 45.2 51.9 66.2 44.3 47.4 95% CI 44.7 45.7 49.8 54.0 64.3 68.1 41.4 47.2 46.9 47.9	UK, 2006, lunch cancer	Doctor diagnosed	http://info.cancerresearchuk.org/cancerstats/types/lung/incidence/index.htm
INCIDENCE	MORTALITY
MALE	FEMALE	MALE	FEMALE
ASR	Cumulative risk	ASR	Cumulative risk	ASR	Cumulative risk	ASR	Cumulative risk
(World)	(age 0–64)	(World)	(age 0-64)	(World)	(age 0–64)	(World)	(age 0-64)
E. Europe	257.7	14.1	175.1	10.8	197.2	10.4	101.9	5.6
N. Europe	283.1	11.7	252.3	14.0	161.0	5.8	118.1	5.2
S. Europe	299.4	14.2	208.1	12.0	170.1	7.1	92.2	4.2
W. Europe	326.4	15.5	244.6	14.1	173.9	7.0	106.1	4.6
World	209.6	10.3	161.5	9.5	137.7	6.4	92.1	4.9
Worldwide, 1993-2001 with population estimates from 2002 to estimate 2002 cancer burden, from GLOBOCAN database, lung cancer		D. Max Parkin, Freddie Bray, J. Ferlay and Paola Pisani. Global Cancer Statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin. 2005;55;74-108
Total prevalence by country and age class. Proportions per 100000 persons
Men	Women
0-44	45-64	65+	All ages	0-44	45-64	65+	All ages
Netherlands	3.3	276.5	1468.0	197.4	3.1	79.3	101.1	33.1
Germany	5.6	246.5	907.4	168.0	2.3	51.3	100.1	33.1
Austria	5.7	201.5	610.0	103.1	3.9	68.9	111.1	33.9
Switzerland	6.4	215.0	721.6	145.8	3.4	71.6	144.0	45.9
Slovenia	7.5	262.1	672.0	118.9	1.5	36.1	60.5	17.8
Slovakia	6.3	398.6	1390.4	206.5	2.0	40.3	141.5	28.1
Poland	5.5	216.2	424.5	100.0	2.9	57.3	103.9	32.6
All Euro countries (n=17)	3.8	201.5	791.5	144.1	2.2	59.7	166.1	44.2
Austria, Germany, The Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia and Switzerland, 1970-1992, lung cancer		J. M. Lutz, S. Francisci, E. Mugno, M. Usel, V. Pompe-Kirn, J.-W. Coebergh & M. Bieslka-Lasota. Cancer prevalence in Central Europe: the EUROPREVAL Study. Annals of Oncology, 2003, 14: 313–322.

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